A patient shows symptoms of irritability and jumpiness linked to her military history. What symptoms does this reflect?

The symptoms of irritability and jumpiness in a patient with a military history are indicative of hyperarousal, which is a common manifestation of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related conditions. Hyperarousal can encompass various behaviors and emotional responses such as increased anxiety, vigilance, and a heightened startle response, all of which align with the presented symptoms.

Additionally, the reference to military sexual trauma is particularly pertinent in this context. Military sexual trauma can lead to complex psychological reactions, including hyperarousal, due to the traumatic nature of such experiences. This option connects both the symptomology—irritability and jumpiness associated with hyperarousal—and the specific context of the patient’s military background, making it a fitting choice.

In contrast, hypoarousal suggests a state of emotional numbness or disengagement, which does not align with the symptoms described. While attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD) can include irritability, the context of a military background and the specific symptomatology presented point more directly to hyperarousal related to trauma. Thus, the choice accurately captures both the symptom profile and relevant historical context.